Graph database

Graph databases are NoSQL systems that use nodes, edges, and properties to model and store data, prioritizing relationships for high-speed traversal and complex query performance.

This technology is a specialized database platform: it stores data not in rigid tables, but as a network of nodes (entities) and edges (relationships). This structure makes relationships first-class citizens, enabling ultra-fast queries that would require dozens of expensive JOIN operations in a relational system (SQL). For example, a graph database like Neo4j can traverse billions of connections in milliseconds. It’s the essential tool for use cases where connections matter most: social networks, real-time fraud detection, and complex recommendation engines. You're modeling the real world directly, not forcing it into a tabular schema.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_database